专利摘要:
SUMMARY Rolling bearings with insulating material. Rolling bearing comprising an inner ring (1), an outer ring (2), at least a row of rolling elements (3) between the inner and outer rings (1, 2) and an annular housing (5) comprising at least a part surrounding at least one of the rings (2), said outer ring (2) comprising two separate parts (2a, 2b), each of the two parts (2a, 2b) of said outer ring (2) defining a closed space (39a, 39b, 55a, 55b) with the housing (5). At least a part forming said housing (5) or said outer ring (2) has a sandwich structure with an inner layer (10a, 10b, 47, 48, 60) made of a vaporizing material and two outer layers (11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 49, 50, 51, 52, 61, 62) made of a metal material surrounding the inner layer (10a, 10b, 60).
公开号:SE537503C2
申请号:SE1351350
申请日:2011-05-16
公开日:2015-05-26
发明作者:Stéphane Cordier;Thierry Adane
申请人:Skf Ab;
IPC主号:
专利说明:

The present invention relates to rolling bearings, in particular to rolling bearings having an inner ring and an outer ring with one or more rows of rolling elements held by a cage between bearing webs provided in the two rings. The rolling elements can, for example, be balls. The rolling bearings can, for example, be those used in industrial electric motors or in gearboxes in motor vehicles. In such applications, shaft tension is usually generated between both spirits of a rotation shaft, between the rotation shaft 10 and each bearing. This shaft voltage is generated due to a number of causes, such as magnetic imbalance, static storage, induced electricity generated in the shaft ... Excessive generation of this shaft voltage causes current of law frequency to flow through habit bearings, through a bearing to the motor frame and back to the rotor through the opposite bearing, resulting in wear in the bearings, damage to the shaft of rotation and sooting of lubricating oil, or in some cases, damage to the bearings.
A breath of fresh air with the present invention is thus to overcome the previously mentioned disadvantages.
It is a particular object of the present invention to provide a rolling bearing of simple design, which is easy to assemble, economical and which is electrically insulated.
It is also an object of the present invention to provide a rolling bearing which has good sound damping properties.
In one embodiment, a rolling bearing comprises an inner ring, an outer ring, at least one row of rolling elements between the inner and outer rings and an annular housing comprising at least a portion surrounding at least one of the rings, said outer ring comprising two separate parts. Each of the two parts of said outer ring defines a closed exit with the housing.
At least a part forming said housing or said outer ring has a sandwich structure with an inner layer made of a vaporizing material and two outer layers made of a metallic material surrounding the inner layer.
The use of a sandwich structure aims to significantly vaporize the sound created during the operation of the warehouse.
In a first embodiment, only the outer ring has said sandwich structure and the housing is made by cutting and pressing a metal plate.
In a second embodiment, only the sleeve has said sandwich structure and the outer ring is made by cutting and pressing a metal plate.
In another embodiment, both the housing and the outer ring have the said sandwich structure.
Advantageously, the vaporizing material has electrically insulating properties, for example a stretchable material such as a rubber material or a thermoplastic elastomer.
The housing may comprise two distinct parts for retaining the parts of said outer ring and fixing means for fixing the distinct parts together, said first part of the housing comprising an inner axial cylindrical portion for radially retaining said outer ring and said second part of the housing comprising an outer axial cylindrical portion surrounding said inner axial cylindrical portion.
The first part of the housing may comprise a radial flange which extends radially than the inner axial cylindrical portion towards the inner ring and defines with one of the parts of the outer ring a first closed space. The second part of the housing may comprise a radial flange extending radially than the outer axial cylindrical portion jet towards the inner ring and defining with one of the parts of the outer ring a second closed space.
For example, both enclosed spaces contain a lubricant and act as lubricant reservoirs.
Advantageously, each of said separate parts of the outer ring comprises passages for the lubricant enclosed in the enclosed spaces.
The fixatives may include welds or brazing or adhesives.
The present invention will be better understood by studying the detailed description of a number of embodiments with reference to completely non-limiting examples and illustrated by means of the accompanying drawings in which: Figure 1 is an axial half-sectional view of the rolling bearing according to the invention, in a first embodiment ; Figure 2 is an axial half-sectional view according to a second embodiment; Figure 3 is an axial half-sectional view according to a third embodiment; Figure 4 is an axial half-sectional view according to a fourth embodiment; Figure 5 is an axial half-sectional view according to a fifth embodiment; Figure 6 is an axial half-sectional view according to a sixth embodiment; Referring initially to Figure 1 which illustrates an embodiment of a rolling element according to the invention, said layer comprises an inner ring 3 1, an outer ring 2, a row of rolling elements 3 consisting, in the example shown, of balls, the hall of a cage 4 between the inner ring 1 and the outer ring 2 and an annular housing 5 surrounding the outer ring 2.
The inner ring 1 is solid and has a toroidal depression 6 on its cylindrical outer surface 1a, the radius of the curve being slightly larger than the radius of the rolling elements 3 and forming a bearing path for the rolling elements 3. The rolling elements 3 may, for example, be made of ceramic material. The inner ring 1 can be produced by machining or by pressing a frame of steel, which is then polished and possibly finely polished at the bearing web 6 to give the ring 1 its geometric characteristics and its final surface treatment.
The cage 4 comprises a plurality of cavities 7 designed to accommodate the rolling elements 3 and keep them in a circularly positioned manner. The cavities 7 are advantageously of spherical shape with a slightly larger diameter than that of the rolling elements 3. The cavities 7 are provided in the radial thickness of the cage 4 with a radial portion 8 radially facing the outer ring 2 and stacking radially at a conical portion 9. The conical portion 9 5r is placed radially facing the inner ring 1 and extends axially towards the rolling element 3. The radial portion 8 and the conical portion 9 define the cavities 7. The conical portion 9 forms a guide portion for the rolling elements 3.
In this embodiment, the outer ring 2 comprises two separate parts 2a, 2b or half rings. The two parts 2a, 2b of the outer ring 25 are identical and symmetrical with respect to the radial plane of symmetry of the bearing in order to reduce manufacturing costs. Since the two half-rings 2a, 2b are identical in this example, only one of them with the reference "a" will be described here, it being understood that the identical elements of the other half-ring 2b bore the reference "b" in the figure. The half ring 2a of the outer ring 2 has a sandwich structure with an inner layer 10a made of vaporizing material having good insulating properties and two outer layers 11a, 12a surrounding the inner layer 10a. The molding material used may be a stretchable material such as a rubber material or a thermoplastic elastomer. Said outer layers 11a, 12a are made of a stable metallic material. Each of the three bearings 10a, 11a, 12a forming the half ring 2a of the outer ring 2 comprises an outer axial portion 13a, 14a, 15a, a radial portion 16a, 17a, 18a, a toroidal portion 19a, 20a, 21a and a inner axial portion 22a, 23a, 24a. The radial portions 16a, 17a, 18a connect at the outer axial portions 13a, 14a, 15a and at the toroidal portions 19a, 20a, 21a. The toroidal portion 20a of the first outer layer 11a defines part of a bearing path 25a around the rolling elements 3. The curve radius of the bearing path 25a slightly exceeds the radius of the rolling elements 3. The toroidal portions 19a, 20a, 21a project axially toward the outside with an inner axial portion 22a, 23a, 24a.
The two outer half-rings 2a, 2b are arranged with the inner radial side 26a, 26b of the radial portions 18a, 18b of the outer layers 12a, 12b in axial connection with each other, essentially in the radial plane of symmetry of the rolling elements 3.
The housing 5, which is advantageously made of punched metal plate, comprises two distinct annular parts 27, 28 which enclose the two outer half-rings 2a, 2b in order to keep them true in the axial direction. The parts 27, 28 of the housing 5 can advantageously be manufactured in an economical manner from a simple metal plate by cutting and pressing. Each of the distinct portions 27, 28 has an L-shaped structure. Alternatively, the cover 5 may be made of stable polymeric material.
The first part 27 comprises an inner axial cylindrical portion 29 for radially retaining said outer rings 2a, 2b. The inner axial cylindrical portion 29 abuts the outer rings 2a, 2b and is in communication with the outer axial portions 15a, 15b of the other outer layers 12a, 12b of the outer rings 2a, 2b. The first part 27 further comprises a radial flange 30 extending radially from the inner axial cylindrical portion 29 towards the immediate vicinity of the cylindrical outer surface 1a of the inner ring 1, to allow a clearance between the inner edge 30a and the radial flange the cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1.
The second part 28 of the housing 5 comprises an outer axial cylindrical portion 31 surrounding the inner axial cylindrical portion 29 of the first part 27. The second part 28 further comprises a radial flange 32 extending radially from the outer cylindrical portion 1a of the inner ring. 1, to leave a clearance between the inner edge 32a of the radial flange 32 and the cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1.
The half rings 2a, 2b are centered in the inner axial portion 29 of the first part 27 of the housing 5 by connection between the outer axial portions 15a, 15b of the other layers 12a, 12b and the inner diameter of said inner axial portions 29. The outer radial sides 33a, 34a, which respectively form the outer edges of the outer axial portions 13a, 14a, are in communication with the radial flange 30 of the part 27 of the housing 5, and the outer radial sides 33b, 34b, which respectively form the outer edges of the the outer axial portions 10b, 11b, are in communication with the radial flange 32 of the part 28 of the housing 5, thereby axially clamping together the two half-rings 2a, 2b. The outer radial sides 36a, 37a, 38a, which respectively form the outer edges of the inner axial portions 22a, 23a, 24a, are also in communication with the radial flange 30 and the outer radial sides 36b, 37b, 38b, which respectively form the outer edges of the inner axial portions 22b, 23b, 24b, are also in communication with the radial flange 32.
As an alternative, an axial clearance (not shown) may be provided between the outer edges 36a, 37a, 38a of the inner axial portions 22a, 23a, 24a and the radial flange 30 of the housing 5.
Alternatively, an axial clearance (not shown) may be provided between the outer edges 36a, 37a, 38a of the inner axial portions 22a, 23a, 24a and the radial flanges 32 of the housing 5. Each of the half-rings 2a, 2b defines, with the housing 5 , an annular closed space 39a, 39b. More specifically, the closed space 39a is defined by the outer axial portion 14a, the radial portion 17a, the toroidal portion 20a and the inner axial portion 23a of the first outer layer 11a and, adjacent to these portions, the radial flange 30 of the housing 5. first part 27. One of the two or more spaces 39a, 39b may act as a lubricant reservoir, the lubricant contained in these spaces 39a, 39b not being shown in the figures. The lubricant used can be grease or oil.
Lubricants can be packed into the space 39a, which constitutes a first lubricant reservoir between the half ring 2a and the inner ring 1. Lubricant is also packed into the second space 39b and into the volume remaining between the inner 1 and outer rings 2.
Each part 2a, 2b of the outer ring 2 comprises passages (not shown in the figures) for the lubricant contained in the closed spaces 39a, 39b. These passages can be of several types. First, these passages may comprise a plurality of radial through holes provided by the thickness of the respective inner axial portions 22a, 23a, 24a and 22b, 23b, 24b of the outer half-rings 2a, 2b. This design of the tail allows the lubricant contained in the closed spaces 39a, 39b to float by gravity directly against the rolling element 3. Furthermore, a plurality of axial through holes may be provided the thickness of the radial portions 16a, 17a, 18a at least partially facing each other said to connect the two closed spaces 39a, 39b. As an alternative, the usual inner radial side 26a, 26b of the corresponding radial portion 18a, 18b may be provided with a radial recess (not shown) which forms a radial passage or channel so that the outer spirit of the radial channel is in communication with the the corresponding axial through-tail and its inner spirit are in communication with the toroidal path 25a, 25b to guide the lubricant directly onto the balls 3. In this example it should be understood that the axial through-holes associated with a radial channel cannot be easily placed facing each other. The outer axial cylindrical portion 31 is fixed to the inner axial cylindrical portion 29 by means of welding, brazing or adhesive.
In this embodiment, the inner radial sides 26a, 26b of the radial portions 18a, 18b of the other outer layers 12a, 12b are in communication with each other. This connection between the radial portions 18a, 18b Is it possible to obtain rolling bearings with internal preload. Of course, as an alternative, an axial clearance may be provided between the radial portions 18a, 18b of the other outer layers 12a, 21b, so that the rolling bearing can operate without internal preload.
In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 2, in which similar parts bore the same references, the two outer half-rings 2a, 2b can advantageously be produced by cutting and pressing a metal plate, the components thus obtained hardened by heat treatment. The bearing webs prepared for the rolling elements 3 can be polished and / or finely polished to give them their final geometric properties and surface coating. Since the two half-rings 2a, 2b are identical in this example, only one of them with the reference "a" will be described has, it being understood that the identical elements of the other half-ring 2b bore the reference "b" in the figure.
The half ring 2a of the outer ring 2 comprises an outer axial portion 40a, a radial path 41a, a toroidal portion 42a and an inner axial portion 43a. The radial portions 41a connect to the outer axial portions 40a and to the toroidal portions 42a. The toroidal portion 42a defines part of a bearing path 25a for the rolling elements 3. The curve radius of the bearing path 25a slightly exceeds the radius of the rolling elements 3. The toroidal portions 42a also connect to the inner axial portions 43a. The two outer half-rings 2a, 2b are arranged with the radial sides 44a, 44b of the radial portions 41a, 41b in axial connection with each other, essentially in the radial plane of symmetry of the rolling elements 3.
The housing 5 comprises two distinct annular parts 45, 46 which surround the two outer rings 2a, 2b, in order to hold them together in the axial direction. Each part 45, 46 of the housing 5 has a sandwich structure with an inner layer 47, 48 made of vaporizing material and two outer layers 49, 50, 51, 52 surrounding the inner layer 47, 48. Each distinct part 45, 46 has an L-shaped structure.
The three layers 47, 49, 51 of the first part 45 each comprise an inner axially cylindrical portion 47a, 49a, 51a for radially retaining said outer rings 2a, 2b. The inner axial cylindrical portion 49a of the first layer 49 surrounds the outer rings 2a, 2b and is in communication with the outer axial portions of the outer axial portions 40a, 40b of the outer rings 2a, 2b. The three layers 47, 49, 51 of the first part 45 further comprise a radial flange 47b, 49b, 51b extending radially from the inner cylindrical portions 47a, 49a, 51a towards the immediate vicinity of the outer cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1. , to leave a clearance between the inner edges of the radial flange 47a, 49a, 51a and the cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1.
The three layers 48, 50, 52 of the second part 46 of the housing 5 each comprise an outer axial cylindrical portion 48a, 50a, 52a surrounding the inner axial cylindrical portions 47a, 49a, 51a of the first part 45. The three layers 48 , 50, 52 of the second part 46 further comprises a radial flange 48b, 50b, 52b extending radially than the outer cylindrical portion 48a, 50a, 52a towards the immediate vicinity of the outer cylindrical surface 1a 1a of the inner ring 1, for sliding a clearance between the inner edges of the radial flange 48b, 50b, 52b and the cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1.
The half-rings 2a, 2b are centered in the inner axial portion 49a of the first outer layer 49 of the first part 45 of the housing 5 by connection between the outer axial portions of the outer axial portions 40a, 40b and the inner diameter of said inner axial cylindrical portion 29. outer radial sides 53a, 53b, which form the outer edges of the respective outer axial portions 40a, 40b, are each in communication with the radial flanges 49b, 50b of the first outer layers 49, 50 of the parts 45, 46 of the housing 5. , thereby axially spanning together the two half-rings 2a, 2b at each other. The outer radial sides 9a 54a, 54b, which form the outer edges of the respective inner axial portions 43a, 43b, are also in communication with the radial flanges 49b, 50b.
As an alternative, an axial clearance (not shown) may be provided between the outer edges 54a, 54b of the inner axial portions 43a, 43b and the respective radial flanges 49b, 50b of the housing 5.
Each of the half-rings 2a, 2b defines, with the housing 5, an annular closed space 55a, 55b. More specifically, the closed space 55a is defined by the outer axial portion 40a, the radial portion 41a, the toroidal portion 42a and the inner axial portion 43a and adjacent to these portions, the radial flange 49b has the first outer layer 49 has the first of the housing 5 Part 45. The lubricant used may be grease or oil. One of the bath or bath spaces 55a, 55b may act as a lubricant reservoir, the lubricant contained in these spaces 55a, 55b not being shown in the figures. The lubricant used can be grease or oil. Lubricant can be packed into the space 55a, which constitutes a first lubricant reservoir between the half ring 2a and the inner ring 1. Lubricant is also packed into the second space 55b and into the volume remaining between the inner 1 and outer rings 2. Passages as described above can be provided on the outer ring 2.
The outer axial cylindrical portion 50a of the first outer layer 50 of the second portion 46 is fixed to the outer axial cylindrical portion 51a of the second outer layer 51 of the first portion 45 by welding, brazing or adhesive.
The specific properties and characteristics mentioned for each of the embodiments in Figures 1 and 2 can be mixed in one embodiment as illustrated in Figure 3, without major modification. In other words, it may be possible for both the housing 5 and the outer ring 2 to have a sandwich structure with an inner layer made of a vaporizing material and two outer layers surrounding the inner layer as described in Figures 1 and 2.
In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 4, in which similar parts bore true references as in Figure 1, the bearing in Figure 4 differs from the rolling bearing in Figure 1, only in that the housing 5 comprises only a part forming a U-shape. The housing 5, which is advantageously made of punched metal plate, comprises only an annular part surrounding the two outer half-rings 2a, 2b, in order to hold them together in the axial direction. The housing 5 can advantageously be produced in an economical manner from a simple metal plate by cutting and pressing. The housing 5 comprises an inner axial cylindrical portion 56 for radially retaining said outer rings 2a, 2b. The inner axial cylindrical portion 56 abuts the outer rings 2a, 2b and is in communication with the outer axial portions 15a, 15b of the outer layers 12a, 12b of the outer rings 2a, 2b. The housing 5 further comprises two radial flanges 57, 58 extending radially from the inner cylindrical portion 56 towards the immediate vicinity of the cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1, to leave a clearance between the inner edge 57a, 58a of corresponding radial flange 57 , 58 and the cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1.
The half-rings 2a, 2b are centered in the inner axial portion 56 of the housing 5 by connection between the outer axial portions 15a, 15b of the second outer layers 12a, 12b and the inner diameter of said inner axial portion 56. The outer radial sides 33a, 34a, which forms the outer edges of the outer axial portions 14a, is in communication with the radial flanges 57 of the housing 5 and the outer radial sides 33b, 34b, which form the outer edges of the outer axial portions 14b, are in communication with the radial flanges 58 of the housing 5. , whereby the two half-rings 2a, 2b are axially clamped together. The outer radial sides 36a, 37a, 38a, which form the outer edges of the inner axial portions 22a, 23a, 24a, are also in communication with the corresponding radial flange 57. The outer radial sides 36b, 37b, 38b, which form the the outer edges of the inner axial portions 22b, 23b, 24b, are also in communication with the corresponding radial flange 58.
In the embodiment illustrated in Figure 5, in which similar parts bore the same references as in Figure 2, the bearing in Figure 5 differs from the bearing in Figure 2, only 11 in that the housing 5 comprises only a part forming a U-shape. The two outer half-rings 2a, 2b can advantageously be produced by cutting and pressing a metal plate, the components obtained are hardened by heat treatment and the housing 5 has a sandwich structure having an inner layer 60 made of vaporizing material and two outer layers 61, 62 which surrounds the inner layer 60.
The three layers 60, 61, 62 of the housing 5 each comprise, an inner axial cylindrical portion 60a, 61a, 62a for radially retaining said outer rings 2a, 2b. The inner axial cylindrical portion 61a of the first outer layer 61 surrounds the outer rings 2a, 2b and is in communication with the outer axial paters 40a, 40b of the outer rings 2a, 2b. The inner layers 60, 61, 62 of the housing 5 further comprise a radial flange 60b, 60c, 61b, 61c, 62b, 62c which extends radially than the inner axial cylindrical portions 60a, 61a, 62a towards the immediate vicinity of the inner ring. 1 cylindrical outer surface 1a, to leave a clearance between the inner edges of the radial flanges and the cylindrical surface 1a of the inner ring 1.
The specific properties and characteristics mentioned for each of the embodiments in Figures 4 and 5 can be mixed in an embodiment as illustrated in Figure 6 without significant modification. In other words, it would be possible to have both the housing 5 with a U-shape and the outer ring 2 with a sandwich structure with an inner layer made of steaming material and two outer layers surrounding the inner layer as described in Figure 4 and 5.
Furthermore, although the present invention has been illustrated by means of simple row-ball bearings, it should be understood that the invention can be applied without significant modification to bearings which use non-ball rolling elements and / or which have multiple rows of rolling elements.
Thanks to a sandwich structure, the rolling bearing according to the invention is electrically insulated and the sound created by the bearing is vaporized. 12
权利要求:
Claims (12)
[1]
Rolling bearing comprising an inner ring (1), an outer ring (2), at least one row of rolling elements (3) between the inner and outer rings (1, 2) and an annular housing (5) comprising at least a part surrounding at least one of the rings (1,2), said outer ring (2) comprising two separate parts (2a, 2b), each of the two parts (2a, 2b) of said outer ring (2) defining a closed space (39a, 39b, 55a, 55b) with the housing (5), characterized in that at least a part forming said housing (5) or said outer ring (2) has a sandwich structure with an inner layer (10a, 10b , 47, 48, 60) made of a vaporizing material and two outer layers (11a, 11b, 12a, 12b, 49, 50, 51, 52, 61, 62) made of a metal material surrounding the inner layer (10a, 10b, 60).
[2]
Rolling bearing according to claim 1, in which only the outer ring (2) has said sandwich structure and the casing (5) is produced by cutting and pressing a metal plate.
[3]
Rolling bearing according to claim 1, in which only the casing (5) has said sandwich structure and the outer ring (2) is produced by cutting and pressing a metal plate.
[4]
Rolling bearing according to claim 1, in which both the casing (5) and the outer ring (2) have said sandwich structure.
[5]
Rolling bearing according to one of the preceding claims, in which the steaming material has electrically insulating properties.
[6]
Rolling bearing according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the vaporizing material is a stretchable material such as a rubber material or a thermoplastic elastomer. 13
[7]
Rolling bearing according to any one of the preceding claims, in which the housing (5) comprises two distinct parts (27, 28, 45, 46) for retaining the parts (2a, 2b) of said outer ring (2) and fixing means for fixing together the distinct portions (27, 28, 45, 46), said first portion (27, 45) of the housing (5) comprising an inner axial cylindrical portion (29, 47a, 49a, 51a) for radially retaining said outer ring (2) ) and said second part (28, 46) of the housing (5) comprising an outer axial cylindrical portion (31, 48a, 50a, 52a) surrounding said inner axial cylindrical portion (29, 47a, 49a, 51a).
[8]
Rolling bearing according to claim 7, in which the first part (27, 45) of the housing (5) comprises a radial flange (30, 47b, 49b, 51b) extending radially from the inner axial cylindrical portion (29, 47a, 49a, 51a) towards the inner ring (1) and defines, with one of the parts (2a) of the outer ring (2), a first closed space (39a, 55a).
[9]
Rolling bearing according to claim 7 or 8, in which the second part (28, 46) of the housing (5) comprises a radial flange (32, 48b, 50b, 52b) extending radially from the outer axial cylindrical portion (31, 48a, 50a, 52a) towards the inner ring (1) and defines, with one of the parts (2b) of the outer ring (2), a second closed space (39b, 55b).
[10]
Rolling bearing according to claims 7 to 9, in which both closed outlets (39a, 39b, 55a, 55b) contain a lubricant and act as lubricant reservoirs.
[11]
Rolling bearing according to claim 10, in which each of said separate parts (2a, 2b) of the outer ring (2) comprises passages for the lubricant enclosed in the closed spaces (39a, 39b, 55a, 55b).
[12]
Rolling bearing according to claims 7 to 11, in which fixing means comprises welds or brazing or glue. 14 1/6
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DE102020106338A1|2020-03-09|2021-09-09|Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG|roller bearing|
法律状态:
优先权:
申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
PCT/EP2011/057880|WO2012155959A1|2011-05-16|2011-05-16|Rolling bearing having insulating material.|
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